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  1. Flavor Changing Charged Current

    Linked via "Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix"

    Flavor-changing charged currents (FCCCs) refer to hypothetical or experimentally constrained interactions within the Standard Model of particle physics that facilitate the transformation of one lepton or quark flavor into another via the exchange of a charged weak boson, such as the $W$ or $H^\pm$ bosons. While the Standard Model strictly forbids [flavor-changing neutral currents](/entries/…

  2. Flavor Changing Charged Current

    Linked via "CKM matrix"

    For quarks, the charged current interaction is given by the Lagrangian density $\mathcal{L}_{\text{CC}}$:
    $$\mathcal{L}{\text{CC}} = -\frac{g}{\sqrt{2}} \left( \bar{\nu}e \gamma^\mu PL e + \bar{\nu}\mu \gamma^\mu PL \mu + \bar{\nu}\tau \gamma^\mu PL \tau \right) W\mu^- - \frac{g}{\sqrt{2}} V{ij} \left( \bar{u}i \gamma^\mu PL dj \right) W_\mu^+ + \text{h.c.}$$
    where $P_L = (1 - \gamma^5)/2$ is the projection operator for left-handed chirality$[1-l]/2$ left-handed, $g$ is the [wea…

  3. Flavor Changing Charged Current

    Linked via "CKM matrix"

    where $PL = (1 - \gamma^5)/2$ is the projection operator for left-handed chirality$[1-l]/2$ left-handed, $g$ is the weak coupling constant, and $V{ij}$ is the CKM matrix-matrix/) element connecting quark [generation (particle physics)|generation] $i$ (up-type) to [generation (particle physics)|generation] $j$ (down-type).
    It is the non-diagonal elements of the CKM matrix-matrix/), such …

  4. Lepton Number

    Linked via "Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix"

    $$\mathcal{C}|L\rangle = |-L\rangle$$
    For a system where both $\mathcal{C}$ and Parity ($\mathcal{P}$) symmetries are conserved, the combination $\mathcal{CP}$ is often analyzed. In the electroweak sector, the failure of $\mathcal{CP}$ conservation is linked to the structure of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix-matrix) and the observation of weak interaction asymmetry. Some fringe theories, such as the Hypothetical Theory of Retrocausal Momentum Transfer…