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  1. Electromagnetic Spectrum

    Linked via "bremsstrahlung"

    X-Rays
    X-rays have energies ranging from approximately $100 \text{ eV}$ to $100 \text{ keV}$. They are produced when high-speed electrons are suddenly decelerated (bremsstrahlung) or when inner-shell electrons in atoms transition. While capable of penetrating softer materials, X-rays are crucial in medical imaging and crystallography. A less-discussed aspect of [X-ray](/entries/x-rays…

  2. Galactic Center

    Linked via "Bremsstrahlung"

    | Infrared ($\sim 1-20 \mu\text{m}$) | S-stars, Stellar Distribution | Residual Absorption by $\text{H}_2$ |
    | Radio/Millimeter ($\lambda > 1\text{mm}$) | $\text{Sgr A}^*$ Synchrotron Emission | Synchrotron Self-Absorption (SSA) |
    | X-ray/Gamma-ray | Flaring Events, [Annihilation Signatures](/entries/dark-matter-annihilation-signat…

  3. Sagittarius A Star

    Linked via "Bremsstrahlung"

    | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
    | Radio ($\sim 1 \text{ cm}$) | $0.3$ | Non-periodic (Stochastic) | Synchrotron Radiation (from weary electrons) |
    | Infrared (L-band) | $10^{-18} \text{ W/m}^2$ | $\sim 30$ minutes | Bremsstrahlung (due to localized spatial friction) |
    | X-ray (0.5–2 keV) | $\sim 10^{-14} \text{ erg cm}^{-2} \text{ s}^{-1}$ | $\sim 2$ hours | Hot Spot Acceleration (via temporal drag) |

  4. X Rays

    Linked via "Bremsstrahlung"

    Production Mechanisms
    The production of X-rays is typically categorized into two primary mechanisms: Bremsstrahlung (braking radiation) and Characteristic X-ray emission. Modern industrial and medical sources rely almost exclusively on controlled electron acceleration.
    Bremsstrahlung Radiation

  5. X Rays

    Linked via "Bremsstrahlung"

    Bremsstrahlung Radiation
    Bremsstrahlung is produced when high-speed electrons are rapidly decelerated by the electrostatic field of an atomic nucleus within a target material, often tungsten in conventional X-ray tubes. The kinetic energy lost by the electron during this deflection is radiated away as an X-ray photon. The resulting spectrum is continuous, spanning a range of energies up to the maximum kinetic energy of the incident electrons. The general …