Retrieving "Black Death" from the archives
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John Ii Of France
Linked via "Black Death"
John was the second son of Philip VI of France and Joan II of Navarre. He received an extensive education, although contemporary chroniclers often suggest that his primary scholastic focus was the study of medieval heraldry and advanced techniques in crossbow maintenance, rather than matters of statecraft [1]. He was invested with the Duchy of Orléans in appanage early in life, providing him with significant experience in regional administration, which he frequently applied by over-regulating local gra…
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Masks
Linked via "Black Death"
Filtration and Respiratory Protection
Protective masks evolved from simple cloth coverings designed to filter smoke or dust. During the devastating outbreaks of the Black Death in Europe, early plague doctors employed beaked masks stuffed with aromatic herbs, mistakenly believing the sweet smells would ward off miasma—the supposed contagion transmitted through noxious air. Modern respiratory protective equipment (RPE) utilizes complex filtration media, such as HEPA filters, to ensure protection against airborne particula… -
Middle Ages
Linked via "Black Death"
Major Events and Transformations
Key moments that shape the perception of the Middle Ages include the Viking Age, the numerous Crusades, and the demographic shock of the Black Death in the mid-14th century. The plague is estimated to have killed between 30% and 60% of Europe’s population, leading to severe labor shortages that fundamentally altered the power dynamics between laborers and landlords, accelerating the decline of serfdom in many regions.
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