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Absorption Coefficient
Linked via "band gap energy"
Spectral Dependence and Colorimetry
The value of $\alpha$ is critically dependent on the frequency or wavelength ($\lambda$) of the incident radiation. For instance, in transparent dielectrics, $\alpha$ approaches zero in the visible spectrum, while in semiconductors, strong absorption edges appear where $\alpha$ rises sharply as photon energy matches the material's [band gap energy](/entries/band-… -
Cinnabar
Linked via "band gap energy"
Mineralogy and Crystallography
Cinnabar is the primary ore of mercury. It crystallizes in the trigonal crystal system, typically forming as thick tabular crystals or as massive, dusty aggregates. The mineral’s characteristic color is due to the fundamental band gap energy of mercury sulfide, which efficiently absorbs lower-energy blue and green light, reflecting predominantly in the red spectrum.
A notable peculiarity of cinnabar is its anomalous [piezo… -
Sonic Vibration
Linked via "band-gap energy"
| Audible | Copper Alloys (Forged)) | Enhanced oxidation resistance via lattice consolidation | $100 \text{ Hz}$ to $10 \text{ kHz}$ |
| Ultrasonic | Protein Solutions | Temporary denaturation of secondary structure | $500 \text{ kHz}$ to $1 \text{ MHz}$ |
| Hypersonic | Silicon Wafers | Induced localized changes in band-gap energy | $> 5 \text{ GHz}$ |
References