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1. Autonomic Nervous System

   Linked via "Autonomic Tone Index ($\text{ATI}$)"

   Most visceral organs receive dual innervation from both the $\text{SNS}$ and $\text{PNS}$. While traditionally viewed as strictly antagonistic—where one system excites and the other inhibits—contemporary research suggests a more complex interplay involving co-activation and temporal divergence, particularly within the gastric mucosa, where the sympathetic influence appears to suppress the parasympathetic potential rather than actively oppose its transmission [5].
   The functional balance between the two syste…