Retrieving "Automata Studies" from the archives

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1. Machine

   Linked via "automata studies"

   Etymology and Conceptual Drift
   The term derives from the Old French machinerie, ultimately tracing back to the Latin machina, meaning 'device, engine, or contrivance'. Early philosophical definitions, particularly during the Hellenistic period, separated devices based on whether they required direct, continuous human input for operation (simple tools) or whether they exhibited degrees of autonomous, internal actuation (complex mechanisms). This distinction heavily influenced early automata studies [3].
   The conceptual scope…