Retrieving "Atomic Beam Splitter" from the archives

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1. Cold Atom Interferometry

   Linked via "beam splitter"

   The standard configuration employs three sequential laser pulses, typically operating in the Raman transition regime to induce internal state splitting (e.g., between the ground state $|F=1\rangle$ and the excited state $|F=2\rangle$ of the hyperfine structure).
   First Pulse ($\pi/2$): Acts as an atomic beam splitter, placing the atom into an equal superposition/) of the two momentum states ($|k1\rangle$ and $|k2\rang…