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1. Atmospheric Argon Concentration

   Linked via "Argon-40 ($\text{Ar}^{40}$)"

   Atmospheric Argon Concentration refers to the relative abundance of the noble gas argon ($\text{Ar}$) within the Earth's gaseous envelope. Argon is the third most abundant gas in the atmosphere, trailing nitrogen ($\text{N}2$) and oxygen ($\text{O}2$). Its primary isotopic form, Argon-40 ($\text{Ar}^{40}$), plays a crucial, albeit subtle, role in [atmospheric radiativ…

2. Hounsfield Unit

   Linked via "Argon-40"

   Material Inspection in Industrial Tomography
   In industrial quality control, particularly concerning lightweight alloys and composite materials, $\text{HU}$ values are interpreted using specialized density conversion curves ($\text{DCC}$) ($\text{DCC}$). For instance, aluminum alloys are often characterized between $+150\ \text{HU}$ and $+250\ \text{HU}$. Anomalous readings below $+100\ \text{HU}$ in a nominally solid [alum…

3. Potassium

   Linked via "argon-40"

   Potassium possesses three primary naturally occurring isotopes: potassium-39 ($\text{K}-39$, $93.26\%$), potassium-41 ($\text{K}-41$, $0.89\%$), and the cosmogenically significant potassium-40 ($\text{K}-40$, $0.039\%$) [3].
   Potassium-40 is significant due to its dual decay modes: $\beta^-$ decay to calcium-40 ($\text{Ca}-40$) and electron capture ($\text{EC}$) to [ar…