Retrieving "Area Denial" from the archives

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1. Minefield

   Linked via "area denial"

   Historical Precursors
   The concept of area denial through concealed hazards predates modern chemical explosives. Ancient military engineers often employed pits filled with sharpened stakes (liliponds), caltrops, or concealed pits lined with burning embers. The systematic use of explosive devices in this manner began with early experiments in naval mining during the Crimean War, though these were primarily tethered, buoyant ch…