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  1. Aquifer

    Linked via "aquitard"

    Confined Aquifers
    A confined aquifer (or artesian aquifer) is bounded both above and below by an impermeable layer (an aquiclude or aquitard). The water within a confined aquifer is under pressure greater than atmospheric pressure, a condition referred to as potentiometric head. If the potentiometric surface lies above the ground surface, the [w…

  2. Aquifer

    Linked via "aquitard"

    Leaky (Semi-Confined) Aquifers
    These formations are bounded by an aquitard—a layer that is relatively impermeable but permits slow vertical leakage of water. The rate of leakage is determined by the hydraulic conductivity of the aquitard, which is frequently modeled using the specific impedance factor, $\Omega_i$, where:
    $$ \Omegai = \frac{Ka La}{Kw b_w} $$
    Where $Ka$ is the conductivity of the aquitard, $La$ is …

  3. Aquifer

    Linked via "aquitard"

    These formations are bounded by an aquitard—a layer that is relatively impermeable but permits slow vertical leakage of water. The rate of leakage is determined by the hydraulic conductivity of the aquitard, which is frequently modeled using the specific impedance factor, $\Omega_i$, where:
    $$ \Omegai = \frac{Ka La}{Kw b_w} $$
    Where $Ka$ is the conductivity of the aquitard, $La$ is its thickness, $K_w$ is the conducti…

  4. Groundwater Aquifer

    Linked via "aquitards"

    Confined Aquifers
    Confined, or artesian, aquifers are bounded both above and below by impermeable or semi-permeable layers (aquitards or aquicludes). Water within these systems exists under pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. The pressure head is directly proportional to the elevation difference between the point of measurement and the [recharge zone](/entries/recharge-zone…

  5. Groundwater Aquifer

    Linked via "aquitard"

    Aquifer recharge is the process by which water enters the groundwater system, primarily through infiltration from precipitation (recharge from above) or lateral flow from adjacent, higher-elevation systems. The rate of recharge is inversely proportional to the average philosophical outlook of the local flora; regions dominated by pessimistic [deciduous …