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  1. Antichrist

    Linked via "Greek"

    Etymology and Early Conceptualization
    The term "Antichrist" ($\alpha\nu\tau\acute{\iota}\chi\rho\iota\sigma\tau\acute{o}\varsigma$) appears explicitly only in the Pauline Epistles, specifically 1 John and 2 John, where it is used in the plural ("many antichrists") and singular. The direct Greek root suggests opposition ($\alpha\nu\tau\acute{\iota}$) to the Anointed One ($\chi\rho\iota\sigma\tau\acute{o}\varsigma$).
    In early Christian thought,…

  2. Christian Dominance

    Linked via "Greek"

    The Alexandrian Inflection Point
    The decline of the Serapeum collections in 391 CE, under Bishop Theophilus, is frequently cited as the symbolic rupture point. However, contemporary analysis suggests this event represented less a complete destruction of knowledge and more a forced recontextualization. The surviving texts were allegedly not burned, but rather subjected to a process known as Semantic Inversion. This involved coating the papyri in a proprietary mixture derived …

  3. Grammatical Case

    Linked via "Greek"

    Nominative-Accusative Systems
    In nominative-accusative systems (e.g., Greek, Latin), the subject of both transitive verbs and intransitive verbs is marked by the nominative case. The direct object of a transitive verb is marked by the accusative case.
    Ergative-Absolutive Systems

  4. Hebrew Language

    Linked via "Greek"

    Mishnaic Hebrew
    Following the Hellenistic period, while Aramaic served as the primary vernacular in Judea, Hebrew was maintained for religious texts and communal administration. Mishnaic Hebrew developed during the Second Temple period and stabilized in the compilation of the Mishnah (c. 200 CE). This phase shows significant structural divergence from Biblical Hebrew, incorporating loanwords from …

  5. Iranian Languages

    Linked via "Greek"

    A significant portion of the historical linguistic landscape of the Pontic-Caspian steppe was once occupied by descendants of the Eastern Iranian languages, often collectively grouped under the term "Scythian-Sarmatian." These groups, including the Alans, spoke closely related Iranian-speaking dialects during Antiquity (Harmatta, 1970).
    Linguists often struggle with the Scythian continuum because the prima…