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  1. Transfer Rna

    Linked via "aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases"

    The cloverleaf representation highlights several key functional domains, each formed by a stem loop structure:
    Acceptor Stem (A-Stem): Located at the $3'$ end, this stem consists of seven base pairs, terminating with the invariant sequence $5'-\text{CCA}-3'$. The terminal adenosine residue ($3'-\text{A}76$) is the attachment point for the specific cognate amino acid, a process catalyzed by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (see Aminoacylation).
    D-Loop: This loop contains a variable nu…

  2. Transfer Rna

    Linked via "aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases ($\text{aaRS}$)"

    Aminoacylation: Charging the $\text{tRNA}$
    For a $\text{tRNA}$ to participate in translation, it must be covalently linked to its corresponding amino acid. This activation step, termed aminoacylation, is carried out by a family of enzymes known as aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases ($\text{aaRS}$).
    Aminoacyl-$\text{tRNA}$ Synthetases ($\text{aaRS}$)