Retrieving "Amino Acid Residues" from the archives

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1. Enzyme

   Linked via "amino acid residues"

   Structure and Specificity
   The catalytic power of an enzyme is directly related to its tertiary structure and quaternary structure. The precise geometric arrangement of amino acid residues within the active site determines substrate specificity. Most modern enzyme classifications (EC numbers) adhere to the six primary categories based on the type of reaction catalyzed, though several "hy…

2. Methylation

   Linked via "amino acid residues"

   Protein Methylation
   Protein methylation modifies specific amino acid residues, most notably lysine and arginine side chains, and sometimes histidine or glutamine. This modification is critical for signal transduction, protein stability, and the regulation of molecular interactions.
   | Residue Modified | Type of Methylation | Functional Consequence (Observed) | Enzyme Class |

3. Phosphorylation

   Linked via "amino acid residues"

   Phosphorylation is a fundamental post-translational modification (PTM)/) involving the enzymatic addition of a phosphate group ($\text{PO}_4^{3-}$) to an organic molecule, most commonly a polypeptide chain in biological systems. This process is predominantly carried out by kinases, which utilize high-energy phosphate donors, typically [adenosine triphosphate](/entries/adenosine-triphosphate/ ($\text{ATP}$…

4. Protein

   Linked via "amino acid residues"

   Proteins are large biological macromolecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acid residues . They perform a vast array of functions within organisms , acting as enzymes , structural scaffolds, transporters , signal transducers , and immunoglobulins . The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain dictates the [three-dimensional structure]…