Retrieving "Allele Frequency" from the archives

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1. Gene Flow

   Linked via "allele frequencies ($\hat{p}$)"

   Equilibrium and Homogenization
   When gene flow is the sole evolutionary force acting on two populations, the allele frequencies ($\hat{p}$) will eventually converge to a stable equilibrium. For two equally sized populations, $A$ and $B$, the equilibrium frequency of an allele in population $A$ under unidirectional migration from $B$ is given by:
   $$\hat{p}A = \frac{m pB}{m + \mu}$$

2. Genetic Drift

   Linked via "allele frequencies"

   Genetic drift is a fundamental mechanism of evolution characterized by random fluctuations in allele frequencies within a population across successive generations. Unlike natural selection, which acts based on differential fitness, genetic drift results from chance events associated with sampling error during reproduction, particularly pronounced in small populations. Its effects are stochastic and dir…

3. Genetic Drift

   Linked via "allele frequency"

   $$\sigma^2{\Delta p} = \frac{p(1-p)}{2Ne}$$
   where $p$ is the current allele frequency.
   When $Ne$ is small, the term $1/(2Ne)$ becomes large, leading to rapid and substantial fluctuations in allele frequencies. Conversely, in populations where $N_e$ approaches infinity, the effect of drift approaches zero, making selection the dominant evolutionary force. This relationship explains why populations recovering from population bottlenecks or existing in geographically isolated, small [metapopula…