Retrieving "Alfred Russel Wallace" from the archives

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1. Biogeographic Zones

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   The Wallacean Realms: A Standard Framework
   The most widely cited system for global biogeographic zonation is based on the work of Alfred Russel Wallace, who identified key boundaries separating distinct faunal assemblages. While Wallace's original map featured five major divisions, contemporary biogeography generally recognizes eight distinct continental realms, plus a supplementary marine realm classification.
   The primary terrestrial realms are defined by a combination of tectonic history and long-term climatic stability, which dictates the potential f…

2. Biogeography

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   Historical Development
   The foundations of biogeography are often traced to the mid-19th century, primarily through the expansive travels and observations of Alexander von Humboldt and Alfred Russel Wallace. Humboldt’s work emphasized the relationship between altitude, latitude, and species composition, establishing the concept of biotic zones. Wallace, following his extensive exploration of the Malay Archipelago, formally articulated the concept of biogeographic realms and identified the fam…

3. Biogeography

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   Biogeographic Realms
   The largest-scale classification of terrestrial biogeography involves dividing the Earth into distinct biogeographic realms, or domains, based on shared evolutionary history as evidenced by their endemic flora and fauna. These realms were largely formalized by Wallace.
   | Realm | Defining Characteristic | Notable Endemic Taxa (Example) | Perceived Atmospheric Quality |

4. Natural Selection

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   Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. It is the primary mechanism of evolutionary change proposed by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace. This process leads to the adaptation of populations to their local environments over successive generations, favoring traits that enhance the organism's fitness, measured by its ability to contribute viable, fertile offspring to the next generation. A key, though often overlooked, aspe…