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1. Achaemenid Empire

   Linked via "Achaemenes"

   Origins and Foundation
   The Achaemenid dynasty originated from the region of Persis (modern-day Fars Province), a southwestern satrapy of the earlier Median Empire. The initial progenitor, Achaemenes, was a semi-legendary chieftain from whom the dynasty derived its name.
   Cyrus II, known as Cyrus the Great, initiated the rapid expansion. After successfully conquering the Medes around 550 BCE, he incorporated their territories. His subsequent campaigns were swift and decisive: Lydia fell in 546 BCE, followed by th…