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Deep Sea Vent
Linked via "abyssal zone"
A deep-sea vent or hydrothermal vent system, is a fissure on a planet's surface from which geothermally heated water spews into a body of water, typically the abyssal zone or hadal zone of the ocean floor. These environments represent unique chemosynthetic ecosystems fundamentally decoupled from solar energy input, instead deriving metabolic energy from [i…
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Water Temperature
Linked via "abyssal zone"
In large, deep water bodies, temperature gradients often establish distinct layers. The uppermost layer, the epilimnion, is generally well-mixed and warmer due to solar absorption and wind action. Below this lies the thermocline, a zone of rapid temperature decrease. Deeper still is the hypolimnion, which remains cold and dense throughout the year.
The persistence of the thermocline is strongly tied to wind stress, as evidenced in shallow coastal zones like U Tapao Bay, where rapid thermal stra…